Neuroimmunology combines the study of the nervous system and immunology, seeking to better understand the interactions of these two complex systems during development, homeostasis, and injury response. There are many interactions involving the nervous and immune systems, including the physiological functioning of the two systems in health and disease, or the malfunction of one or both systems, and environmental stress factors that affect the two systems

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) and immunotherapy are important instruments to fight hematological malignancies and solid tumors. Immunotherapeutic approaches include the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting tumor-associated antigens or blocking immune checkpoints (ICB), and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T or NK cells.